What Type of Legal System Is Used in Ukraine

The Ukrainian tax system is governed by the 1991 Law of Ukraine on the Tax System, as amended. This law defines the fiscal principles applied in Ukraine and provides for a list of taxes and other mandatory payments to national and local budgets. · Ukraine: Rul e of Law is a joint project of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC). The objective of the project is to strengthen the rule of law in Ukraine by supporting the judicial reform process; increasing the transparency and accountability of the justice system; public awareness of the justice system; and enhancing public confidence in the judiciary. The most important change in the new Criminal Code is the replacement of the death penalty with indeterminate custodial sentences. It also provides for new types of sanctions such as public works, arrests, deprivation of liberty and restrictions imposed by civil servants on conscripts. Persons accused of crimes punishable by a sentence of three years or more will be arrested and held in solitary confinement for the duration of the criminal investigation and taken to prison after conviction, as indicated by the courts in the sentencing decision. Bail is rarely used by courts in Ukraine. In order to represent a client in a non-criminal matter or to act in-house, a person must have advanced legal training.

The most important law in this area is the recently adopted Civil Code. It contains six books and effectively establishes a new system of standards for Ukraine to regulate private relations. Taking into account constitutional access to man and his inalienable rights, it also determines a person`s individual non-economic rights and regulates the relationships that give rise to these rights. Legal system: civil law; Judicial review of legislative acts · Ukrainian Legal Group is a full-service law firm that provides legal support to large and medium-sized international corporate clients from Ukraine and other CIS countries. Notaries in Ukraine are based on the guidelines of the law « On the notary`s office ». According to the law, the notarial office is a system of bodies and officials who are obliged to certify rights, certify facts that have the force of law and perform other notarial acts, as provided for by law, in order to give them legal force. In Ukraine, notarial activities are carried out by state notaries, private notaries or officials of the executive bodies of local councils (village, locality, city), if there are no notaries there. The difference between public and private notaries is that the service fees charged by public notaries are set by the state, while the only aspect regulated by the state compared to private notaries is the floor price. Law is practiced in Ukraine by lawyers (legal advisors, lawyers), professionals who receive a degree after graduating from the law faculty of a university. Law firms are run by lawyers who register them as law firms with the Ministry of Justice and obtain state certification. Alexander Biryukov is an Associate Professor of Law at the Institute of International Law of Taras Shevchenko University in Kyiv.

He holds a Master of Arts in Law (Patrice Lumumba University of Friendship of Peoples, 1984) and a Doctorate in Law (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 1999). He is co-author of a book entitled Law and Legal System of Ukraine, recently published by Juris Publishing Inc. He has also written a number of books and more than 110 articles and notes on legal reform in Ukraine, including scientific articles for the Ukrainian Legal Encyclopedia and those published in American and European journals. Alexander Biryukov spent the academic year 2000/2001 at New York University School of Law as part of the Fulbright program. As a professor of law, he teaches civil and commercial law, including bankruptcy law, investment law, securities and stock exchange regulation, and private international law. Ukraine has taken steps to reform its educational frameworks in line with the Bologna Process. In the mid-2000s, universities began awarding Bachelor of Laws (about 3 years for full-time students and 4 years for part-time students) and Master of Laws (about 5 years for full-time students and 6 years for part-time students). In Soviet times, the only bachelor`s degree (after 10 years of secondary school) was a 5-year specialized degree with a thesis, which in the West was usually somewhere between a bachelor`s and master`s degree.

Diplomas are issued by the authorities of the State Examinations Board of the University. The university degree gives people the right to work as legal advisors in Ukraine. However, judges and defense attorneys must pass an additional state admission test. The anti-money laundering law was revised in 2019, clarifying some previous provisions (e.g. with regard to UBO and PEP), increasing financial thresholds for financial supervision topics and establishing new state regulators for different types of companies (the NBU, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Justice, the National Securities Commission and the Ministry of Digital Transformation). Ukraine is a republic with a presidential form of government. But the new constitutional reform, which entered into force on 1 January 2006, introduced changes in the structure of government, moving from a mixed form of presidential-parliamentary government to a form of parliamentary-presidential government [iii]. The formation of the Verkhovna Rada was based on a pure system of proportional representation of national deputies delegated by political parties, with the President, the Verkhovna Rada and the Cabinet of Ministers remaining in a new legal environment.